Vitamin D and probiotics improve metabolic status in gestational diabetes
Iran: Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) significantly improve pregnancy outcomes and metabolic status, according to a new study published in the journal Clinical Nutrition.
Mehri Jamilian, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, and colleagues conducted this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the effects of combined vitamin D and probiotic supplementation on metabolic status and pregnancy outcomes in women with GDM.
For the purpose, they evaluated 87 women with GDM; 30 women received vitamin D (50,000 IU/every 2 weeks) plus probiotic (8 × 109 CFU/day), 29 women received probiotic (8 × 109 CFU/day) and 28 received placebo for 6 weeks. Lipid profiles, glycaemic parameters and biomarkers levels of inflammation and oxidative stress were evaluated.
Key Findings:
- Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation vs placebo significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose (β, −10.99 mg/dL), serum insulin levels (β, −1.95 µIU/mL), homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (β, −0.76), and triglycerides (β, −37.56 mg/dL) in mothers.
- Additionally, compared with placebo, vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation showed significant increase in very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL; β, −7.51 mg/dL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL)/total cholesterol ratio (β, −0.52), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP; β, −1.80 mg/L), and malondialdehyde (β, −0.43 µmol/L) in infants.
- Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation vs placebo significantly increased quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (β, 0.01) in mothers and HDL-cholesterol (β, 4.09 mg/dL), total antioxidant capacity levels (β, 97.77 mmol/L) in infants. Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation did not change other metabolic parameters.
- Compared with the probiotic only group, vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation significantly reduced triglycerides, VLDL-cholesterol and hs-CRP, and significantly increased total antioxidant capacity levels and total glutathione levels.
"Our results demonstrate that vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation in women with GDM had beneficial effects on metabolic status," concluded the authors.
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