A case report of patient presenting with Red urine

Indeed, hemoglobin electrophoresis revealed a sickle cell trait (HbAS) with 62% HbA and 34% HbS, respectively. The diagnosis of renal papillary necrosis or microscopic renal papillary necrosis with macroscopic hematuria related to sickle cell trait was made.

The patient was treated with oral alkaline hydration and gamma epsilon-aminocaproic acid. Urine was clear of hematuria after 2 weeks of treatment and there was no recurrence after 1 year.

Generally, Gross hematuria in young adults requires a complete work-up, including renal imaging with ultrasound, computed tomography angiography, cystoscopy and microbiological tests to rule out renal obstruction, kidney stones, renal infarction, schistosomiasis, other infections, toxic/herbal consumption and urological tumors. Renal biopsy is then often needed to explore glomerulopathies such as IgA nephropathy. Sickle cell trait may have some renal complications and can present as gross haematuria but the baseline rate of admission for gross hematuria in normal males carrying the sickle cell trait is only 2%.

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